1.1 Introduction

The purpose of teaching this subject is to enable the trainee to understand themselves first as individuals and second, as members of a larger community. The subject aims at enabling the trainees to understand the emergence of the Kenyan communities. It will also focus on the economic, political and social development of Kenya from the colonial period to the present time.

Subject aims at impacting to the trainee fundamental elements of Government and its machinery within which they will be expected to operate. It should inculcate desirable virtues such as patriotism, loyalty, Impartibility and responsible citizenship. The trainee will be able to acquire the skills of critical thinking, Inquiry and decision making.

The subject will encourage the trainees to participate fully in the development process of this country.

A.GENERAL OBJECTIVES

At the end of this subject the trainee should be able to;

  • Understand and explain how people and events in the past have influenced the way in which people in Kenya live today;
  • Understand and identify the social economic and political development of Kenya from the pre-colonial period to the present;
  • Identify and describe the structure of the government, its functions and how it formulates policies, within which the social development workers operate;
  • Develop and portray a sense of participation and national cohesion

B.SUBJECT SUMMARY

(a) The emergence of the Kenya Communities

(b) Socio-economic and political set up before the colonial rule

(c) Establishment of colonial rule in Kenya

(d) Social and cultural development during the colonial rule

(e) The struggle for independence in Kenya

(f) Socio-economic and political development since independence

(g) Structure and functions of the Government of Kenya

(h) The ruling party

1.2 .CONTENT

The emergence of the Kenyan communities

A.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of this topic,the trainee will be able to;

  • Understand and explain the origins, migration and settlement of the Kenyan communities
  • Understand and describe the factors influencing the distribution of people in Kenya

B.TOPIC OUTLINE

(a)Legends and historical origins, migrations, migrations  and settlements.

  • Bantus
  • Nilotes
  • Cushites

(b)Factors influencing distribution of people

  • Socio-economic
  • Political
  • Environmental

C.LEARNING AND INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGY

  • Telling stories, myths and legends
  • Reading and writing stories
  • Collecting and preserving cultural materials
  • Listening to resource persons
  • Reading texts
  • Drawing maps

D.ASSESSMENT

  • Tests
  • Assignments
  • Quizzes
  • Assessment of maps
  • Observation

1.3 SOCI0-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL SEP-UP BEFORE COLONIAL RULE

A.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of this topic, the trainee will be able to;

  • Understand and describe the social and cultural activities of various Kenyan communities before colonial rule;
  • Describe the political set-up of the various Kenyan communities before the advent of foreigners;
  • Understand and describe the main economic activities of the Kenyan communities in the pre-colonial period.

B.TOPIC OUTLINE

(a) Social and cultural activities

  • General social-cultural set up
  • Education
  • Religion
  • Moral laws
  • Family life
  • Festivals
  • Ceremonies
  • Games and sports

(b) Political organization

  • Political systems in general
  • Age groups and age sets
  • Council of elders
  • Community leaders
  • Central systems
  • Defense and security

(c) Economic activities

  • General economic seT-up
  • Pastoralism
  • Crop farming
  • Hunting and gathering
  • Fishing
  • Trade
  • Industries
  • Professions

C.LEARNING AND INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGY

  • Drama and miming
  • Debates
  • Traditional dances, games and sports
  • Discussion
  • Reading relevant materials
  • Project

D.ASSESSENT

  • Assignments
  • Tests
  • Oral narratives
  • Project assessment

1.4 ESTABLISHMENT OF COLONIAL RULE IN KENYA

A.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of this topic, the trainee will be able to;

(a) Identify and describe the factors that lead to European expansion into Kenya in the late 19th century and early 20th century.

(b) Understand and describe the main stages in the establishment of colonial rule in Kenya;

(c) Identify and analyze the political economic and social policies of the British in Kenya;

(d) Describe the initial African response to European expansion

C.LEARNING AND INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGY

  • Resource persons
  • Lectures
  • Discussions
  • Reading of relevant materials

D.ASSESSMENT

  • Tests
  • Research projects
  • Assignments

1.5 SOCIAL AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN KENYA DURING COLONIAL RULE

A.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of this topic, the trainee will be able to;

(a) Understand and explain how colonialism affected the traditional African way of life;

(b) Describe and analyze African initiative in the field of education during colonial rule;

(c) Discuss and describe the major stages in the growth of social welfare services in Kenya during the colonial rule;

(d) Describe the growth of health services during colonial rule in Kenya;

B.TOPIC OUTLINE

(a) Effects of colonialism on African culture;

(I) General effects on African culture with

  • African traditional religions
  • Family life
  • Moral laws
  • Traditional ceremonies and festivals
  • Total effect on the African way of life.

(b) Health services

(c) Social welfare

  • Housing
  • Games and sports
  • Welfare organizations

(d) Education

  • Primary education
  • Secondary education
  • Technical education
  • University education
  • The genesis and growth of the Independent schools

C.LEARNING AND INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGY

  • Lectures
  • Discussions
  • Reading of relevant materials
  • Resource persons

D.ASSESSMENT

(a) Tests

(b) Assignments

1.6 THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE IN KENYA

A.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of this topic, the trainee will be able to;

(a) Identify and describe the constitutional changes leading to independence;

(b) Identify and describe the development and role of political parties in Kenya up to the time of independence;

(c) Trace and describe the development and role of political parties in Kenya up to the time of independence;

(d) Identify and describe the role of important personalities during the struggle for Kenya’s independence;

(e) Identify and understand the role and importance of the new Mau Mau uprising in the struggle for Kenya’s independence;

B.TOPIC OUTLINE

(a) Socio-economic and political background

  • Racist laws and policies
  • Land alienation policies
  • Labor laws
  • Agricultural policies
  • Cultural policies
  • Educational policies

(b) Foundation roles of the Nationalist Movements

  • Ex-servicemen
  • The Kikuyu association
  • Young Kikuyu association
  • The Kavirondo Taxpayers Welfare Association
  • Young Kavirondo Association
  • The Kikuyu Central Association
  • Ukamba Members Association
  • Taita Hills Association
  • Coast African Association
  • East African Association
  • Kenya Africa Study Union
  • African Workers Federation
  • Kenya federation of labor

(c) The emergence of;

  • African political agitation
  • Constitutional changes
  • Arrest and detention pf African political leaders
  • The Mau Mau struggle
  • Important personalities in the struggle

(d) Final lead to independence

(i) Continuing constitutional advdance

  • The lyttelton Plan
  • Lennox-Boyd constitution
  • First Lancaster house conference
  • Second Lancaster house conference

(ii) Political parties and independence

  • Kenya African National Union
  • Kenya African democratic party
  • Internal self Government
  • Full independence

 C.LEARNING AND INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGY

  • Lectures
  • Drama and debates
  • Resource persons
  • Illustration and diagrams
  • Projects
  • Visits

D.ASSESSMENT

  • Quizzes
  • Tests
  • Assignments
  • Presentations

1.7 POLITICAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SINCE INDEPENDENCE

A.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of this topic, the trainee will be able to;

  • Understand and identify the major issues in Kenya’s Political development since independence;
  • Explain and understand the major trend in Kenya’s foreign policy since independence;
  • Explain and understand the major issues outlined in the session paper No.10 of 1965;
  • Understand and explain the Kenyanization policy and its application from 1965 to present;
  • Understand and assess Kenya’s economic development since independence
  • Understand and explain the national philosophy

B.TOPIC OUTLINE

(a) Economic development

  • Policies and strategies since independence
  • Implementation of policies and statergies

(b) Social development

  • Housing
  • Formal education
  • Adult education
  • Games and sports
  • Cultural development
  • Expansion of health services
  • Provision of water

(c) Political development

  • Political set-up at independence
  • Dismantling of racist laws and policies
  • Internal security and defence
  • The harambee philosophy
  • Development of the one party system in Kenya
  • Land consolidation
  • Kenya’s role in East African co-operation
  • Kenya’s foreign policy since independence

-Liberation movements in Africa

                -Organization of African Unity

                -World’s peace

                -non-aligment

  • The Nyayo philosophy

C.LEARNING AND INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGY

  • drama
  • debates
  • resource persons
  • visits
  • lectures
  • reading of relevant material
  • discussions

D.ASSESSMENT

  • Tests
  • Assignments
  • Presentations

1.8 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA

A.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of this topic,the trainee will be able to;

  • Understand and apply important terms in ‘Govenrment’;
  • Understand and explain the structure and functions of Local Government;
  • Identify and describe the essentials of good citizenship;
  • Identify and state the common symbols of national unity.

B.TOPIC OUTLINE

(a) The central Government

(i) General structure

  • The executive
  • The legislature
  • The judiciary

(ii) Separation of powers

(b) Government ministries and departments

(i) Various governments ministries and departments and their structures

(ii) Functions of various government ministries and departments

(c) Office of the president

(i) Structure and functions

(ii) Role and functions of provincial administration

  • Provincial commissioners
  • District commisioners
  • Chiefs
  • Assistant chiefs
  • Village elders

(d) Local Government

  • Definition of local Government
  • Forms of local Government
  • Sources of funds and finance
  • The relationship between Central government and local government
  • The role and functions of the ministry of Local government

C.LEARNING AND INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGY

  • Lectures
  • Discussions
  • resources persons
  • visits
  • Audio-visual aids

D.ASSESSMENT

  • Tests
  • Projects
  • Assigments

1.9 THE RULING PARTY KANU

A.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of this topic, the trainee will be able to;

  • Understand and explain the origin and up to date developments of the ruling  party,KANU
  • Understand and explain the KANU constitution
  • Understand and explain the major areas covered in the KANU manifesto;
  • Understand and explain the KANU code of discipline.

B.LEARNING AND INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGY

  • Discussions
  • Lectures
  • Resource persons
  • Visits

C.ASSESSMENTS

  • Assignments
  • Tests
  • Presentation

2.0 CURRENT AFFAIRS

A.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of this topic, the trainee will be able to;

  • Identify major current affairs
  • Discuss and understand current affairs

B.TOPIC OUTLINE

The topics to be taught and discussed will be drawn from the major contemporary affairs

C.LEARNING AND INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGY

  • Resource persons
  • Newspaper and magazines
  • Lectures
  • Discussions
  • Audio visual aids

D.ASSESSMENT

  • Quizzes
  • Tests
  • Assigments
  • Observations